Advanced topics

Custom ContextEngineId and ContextName

Send a SNMP GET request with the following options:

• with SNMPv3 with user ‘usr-md5-none’, SHA auth and no privacy protocols
• for MIB instance identified by
• contextEngineId: 0x80004fb805636c6f75644dab22cc,
• contextName: da761cfc8c94d3aceef4f60f049105ba
• over IPv4/UDP
• to an Agent at 104.236.166.95:161
• for an OID in tuple form

This script performs similar to the following Net-SNMP command:

$ snmpget -v3 -l authNoPriv -u usr-md5-none -A authkey1 -E 80004fb805636c6f75644dab22cc -n da761cfc8c94d3aceef4f60f049105ba -ObentU 104.236.166.95:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0

from pysnmp.entity import engine, config
from pysnmp.carrier.asyncore.dgram import udp
from pysnmp.entity.rfc3413 import cmdgen
from pysnmp.proto import rfc1902

# Create SNMP engine instance
snmpEngine = engine.SnmpEngine()

#
# SNMPv3/USM setup
#

# user: usr-md5-none, auth: MD5, priv: NONE
config.addV3User(
    snmpEngine, 'usr-md5-none',
    config.USM_AUTH_HMAC96_MD5, 'authkey1'
)

config.addTargetParams(snmpEngine, 'my-creds', 'usr-md5-none', 'authNoPriv')

#
# Setup transport endpoint and bind it with security settings yielding
# a target name
#

# UDP/IPv4
config.addTransport(
    snmpEngine,
    udp.DOMAIN_NAME,
    udp.UdpSocketTransport().openClientMode()
)

config.addTargetAddr(
    snmpEngine, 'my-router',
    udp.DOMAIN_NAME, ('104.236.166.95', 161),
    'my-creds'
)


# Error/response receiver
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def cbFun(snmpEngine, sendRequestHandle, errorIndication,
          errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds, cbCtx):
    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)

    elif errorStatus:
        print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(),
                            errorIndex and varBinds[int(errorIndex) - 1][0] or '?'))

    else:
        for oid, val in varBinds:
            print('%s = %s' % (oid.prettyPrint(), val.prettyPrint()))


# Prepare and send a request message, pass custom ContextEngineId & ContextName
cmdgen.GetCommandGenerator().sendVarBinds(
    snmpEngine,
    'my-router',
    # contextEngineId
    rfc1902.OctetString(hexValue='80004fb805636c6f75644dab22cc'),
    # contextName
    rfc1902.OctetString('da761cfc8c94d3aceef4f60f049105ba'),
    [((1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0), None)],
    cbFun
)

# Run I/O dispatcher which would send pending queries and process responses
snmpEngine.transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()

Download script.

Report SNMP engine processing details

Send SNMP GET request with the following options:

• with SNMPv3 with user ‘usr-sha-aes’, SHA auth and AES128 privacy protocols
• over IPv4/UDP
• to an Agent at 104.236.166.95:161
• for an OID in tuple form
• also registers its own execution observer to snmpEngine

While execution, this script will report some details on request processing as seen by rfc3412.sendPdu() and rfc3412.receiveMessage() abstract interfaces.

This script performs similar to the following Net-SNMP command:

$ snmpget -v3 -l authPriv -u usr-sha-aes -a SHA -A authkey1 -x AES -X privkey1 -ObentU 104.236.166.95:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0

from pysnmp.entity import engine, config
from pysnmp.carrier.asyncore.dgram import udp
from pysnmp.entity.rfc3413 import cmdgen

# Create SNMP engine instance
snmpEngine = engine.SnmpEngine()


# Execution point observer setup

# Register a callback to be invoked at specified execution point of 
# SNMP Engine and passed local variables at code point's local scope
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def requestObserver(snmpEngine, execpoint, variables, cbCtx):
    print('Execution point: %s' % execpoint)
    print('* transportDomain: %s' % '.'.join([str(x) for x in variables['transportDomain']]))
    print('* transportAddress: %s' % '@'.join([str(x) for x in variables['transportAddress']]))
    print('* securityModel: %s' % variables['securityModel'])
    print('* securityName: %s' % variables['securityName'])
    print('* securityLevel: %s' % variables['securityLevel'])
    print('* contextEngineId: %s' % (variables['contextEngineId'] and variables['contextEngineId'].prettyPrint() or '<empty>',))
    print('* contextName: %s' % variables['contextName'].prettyPrint())
    print('* PDU: %s' % variables['pdu'].prettyPrint())


snmpEngine.observer.registerObserver(
    requestObserver,
    'rfc3412.sendPdu',
    'rfc3412.receiveMessage:response'
)

#
# SNMPv3/USM setup
#

# user: usr-sha-aes, auth: SHA, priv AES
config.addV3User(
    snmpEngine, 'usr-sha-aes',
    config.USM_AUTH_HMAC96_SHA, 'authkey1',
    config.USM_PRIV_CFB128_AES, 'privkey1'
)

config.addTargetParams(snmpEngine, 'my-creds', 'usr-sha-aes', 'authPriv')

#
# Setup transport endpoint and bind it with security settings yielding
# a target name
#

# UDP/IPv4
config.addTransport(
    snmpEngine,
    udp.DOMAIN_NAME,
    udp.UdpSocketTransport().openClientMode()
)

config.addTargetAddr(
    snmpEngine, 'my-router',
    udp.DOMAIN_NAME, ('104.236.166.95', 161),
    'my-creds'
)


# Error/response receiver
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def cbFun(snmpEngine, sendRequestHandle, errorIndication,
          errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds, cbCtx):
    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)

    elif errorStatus:
        print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(),
                            errorIndex and varBinds[int(errorIndex) - 1][0] or '?'))

    else:
        for oid, val in varBinds:
            print('%s = %s' % (oid.prettyPrint(), val.prettyPrint()))


# Prepare and send a request message
cmdgen.GetCommandGenerator().sendVarBinds(
    snmpEngine,
    'my-router',
    None, '',  # contextEngineId, contextName
    [((1, 3, 6, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 0), None)],
    cbFun
)

# Run I/O dispatcher which would send pending queries and process responses
snmpEngine.transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()

snmpEngine.observer.unregisterObserver()

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See also: library reference.