Advanced Command Generator

Walk multiple Agents at once

Iterate over MIBs of multiple SNMP Agents asynchronously using the following options:

  • with SNMPv1, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv2c, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv3, user ‘usr-md5-des’, MD5 auth and DES privacy
  • over IPv4/UDP and over IPv6/UDP
  • to an Agent at demo.snmplabs.com:161 and to an Agent at [::1]:161
  • pull variables till EOM
from pysnmp.hlapi.v3arch.asyncore import *

# List of targets in the following format:
# ((authData, transportTarget, varNames), ...)
targets = (
    # 1-st target (SNMPv1 over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public', mpModel=0),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('1.3.6.1.2.1')),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('1.3.6.1.3.1')))),

    # 2-nd target (SNMPv2c over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('1.3.6.1.4.1')),)),

    # 3-nd target (SNMPv3 over IPv4/UDP)
    (UsmUserData('usr-md5-des', 'authkey1', 'privkey1'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'system')),)),

    # 4-th target (SNMPv3 over IPv6/UDP)
    (UsmUserData('usr-md5-none', 'authkey1'),
     Udp6TransportTarget(('::1', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('IF-MIB', 'ifTable')),))

    # N-th target
    # ...
)


# Wait for responses or errors, submit GETNEXT requests for further OIDs
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def cbFun(snmpEngine, sendRequestHandle, errorIndication,
          errorStatus, errorIndex, varBindTable, cbCtx):

    authData, transportTarget = cbCtx

    print('%s via %s' % (authData, transportTarget))

    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)
        return

    elif errorStatus:
        print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(),
                            errorIndex and varBindTable[-1][int(errorIndex) - 1][0] or '?'))
        return

    else:
        for varBindRow in varBindTable:
            for varBind in varBindRow:
                print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))

        return True  # continue table retrieval


snmpEngine = SnmpEngine()

# Submit initial GETNEXT requests and wait for responses
for authData, transportTarget, varBinds in targets:
    nextCmd(snmpEngine, authData, transportTarget, ContextData(),
            *varBinds, cbFun=cbFun, cbCtx=(authData, transportTarget))

snmpEngine.transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()

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Multiple SNMP engines

Send multiple SNMP GET requests to multiple peers using multiple independent SNMP engines. Deal with peers asynchronously. SNMP options are:

  • with SNMPv1, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv2c, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv3, user ‘usr-md5-des’, MD5 auth and DES privacy
  • over IPv4/UDP and over IPv6/UDP
  • to an Agent at demo.snmplabs.com:161 and to an Agent at [::1]:161
  • for instances of SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 and SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 MIB objects

Within this script we have a single asynchronous TransportDispatcher and a single UDP-based transport serving two independent SNMP engines. We use a single instance of AsyncCommandGenerator with each of SNMP Engines to comunicate GET command request to remote systems.

When we receive a [response] message from remote system we use a custom message router to choose what of the two SNMP engines data packet should be handed over. The selection criteria we employ here is based on peer’s UDP port number. Other selection criterias are also possible.

from pysnmp.hlapi.v3arch.asyncore import *
from pysnmp.carrier.asyncore.dispatch import AsyncoreDispatcher

# List of targets in the following format:
# ( ( authData, transportTarget, varNames ), ... )
TARGETS = (
    # 1-st target (SNMPv1 over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public', mpModel=0),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),

    # 2-nd target (SNMPv2c over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 1161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),

    # 3-nd target (SNMPv3 over IPv4/UDP)
    (UsmUserData('usr-md5-des', 'authkey1', 'privkey1'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 2161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0))))

    # N-th target
    # ...
)


# Wait for responses or errors
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def cbFun(snmpEngine, sendRequestHandle, errorIndication,
          errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds, cbCtx):
    authData, transportTarget = cbCtx

    print('snmpEngine %s: %s via %s' % (snmpEngine.snmpEngineID.prettyPrint(), authData, transportTarget))

    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)
        return True

    elif errorStatus:
        print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(),
                            errorIndex and varBinds[int(errorIndex) - 1][0] or '?'))
        return True

    else:
        for varBind in varBinds:
            print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))


# Instantiate the single transport dispatcher object
transportDispatcher = AsyncoreDispatcher()

# Setup a custom data routing function to select snmpEngine by transportDomain
transportDispatcher.registerRoutingCbFun(
    lambda td, ta, d: ta[1] % 3 and 'A' or 'B'
)

snmpEngineA = SnmpEngine()
snmpEngineA.registerTransportDispatcher(transportDispatcher, 'A')

snmpEngineB = SnmpEngine()
snmpEngineB.registerTransportDispatcher(transportDispatcher, 'B')

for authData, transportTarget, varBinds in TARGETS:
    snmpEngine = (transportTarget.getTransportInfo()[1][1] % 3 and
                  snmpEngineA or snmpEngineB)

    getCmd(snmpEngine, authData, transportTarget, ContextData(), *varBinds,
           cbFun=cbFun, cbCtx=(authData, transportTarget))

transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()

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Multiple concurrent queries

Send a bunch of different SNMP GET requests to different peers all at once, wait for responses asynchronously:

  • with SNMPv1, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv2c, community ‘public’ and with SNMPv3, user ‘usr-md5-des’, MD5 auth and DES privacy
  • over IPv4/UDP and over IPv6/UDP
  • to an Agent at demo.snmplabs.com:161 and to an Agent at [::1]:161
  • for instances of SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 and SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 MIB objects
from pysnmp.hlapi.v3arch.asyncore import *

# List of targets in the followin format:
# ( ( authData, transportTarget, varNames ), ... )
TARGETS = (
    # 1-st target (SNMPv1 over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public', mpModel=0),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),

    # 2-nd target (SNMPv2c over IPv4/UDP)
    (CommunityData('public'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),

    # 3-nd target (SNMPv2c over IPv4/UDP) - same community and
    # different transport address.
    (CommunityData('public'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('localhost', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysContact', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysName', 0)))),

    # 4-nd target (SNMPv3 over IPv4/UDP)
    (UsmUserData('usr-md5-des', 'authkey1', 'privkey1'),
     UdpTransportTarget(('demo.snmplabs.com', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),

    # 5-th target (SNMPv3 over IPv6/UDP)
    (UsmUserData('usr-md5-none', 'authkey1'),
     Udp6TransportTarget(('::1', 161)),
     (ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)),
      ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysLocation', 0)))),
    # N-th target
    # ...
)


# Wait for responses or errors
# noinspection PyUnusedLocal,PyUnusedLocal
def cbFun(snmpEngine, sendRequestHandle, errorIndication,
          errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds, cbCtx):

    authData, transportTarget = cbCtx

    print('%s via %s' % (authData, transportTarget))

    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)
        return True

    elif errorStatus:
        print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(),
                            errorIndex and varBinds[int(errorIndex) - 1][0] or '?'))
        return True

    else:
        for varBind in varBinds:
            print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))


snmpEngine = SnmpEngine()

# Submit GET requests
for authData, transportTarget, varNames in TARGETS:
    getCmd(snmpEngine, authData, transportTarget, ContextData(), *varNames,
           cbFun=cbFun, cbCtx=(authData, transportTarget))

snmpEngine.transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()

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See also: library reference.